052 - Meowth
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Meowth, that's right! Meowth is seen as the rival to Pikachu, being based off a creature that preys on the latter, and his Dex number is even the reverse of Pikachu's. Nobody knows if this was done on purpose, or was merely an accident, but most people probably forget that Meowth was actually created as the Blue Version Counterpart to Mankey. The two share a similar color scheme, but lack the cohesion some of the other Version Counterparts share so it's easy to forget this fact. I didn't remember that Meowth was exclusive to Blue Version myself till I looked it up. Probably because his more memorable Version Exclusive status was being uncatchable in Pokemon Yellow.
Meowth is a very Japanese-inspired Pokemon based off the popular "maneki-neko" (beckoning cat) statues, which are placed as good luck charms in front of stores and other business in Japan. The maneki-neko statues usually hold a koban (which is on Meowth's head), and have their hands raised in a beckoning pose, which Meowth is usually depicted with, especially in its original Red and Green sprite. Maneki-neko are usually designed to resemble the Japanese bobtail, but Meowth looks more like a Siamese cat perhaps. Bobtails are known for their short, rabbit-like tails, whereas Meowth has a very long, curly tail. Meowth's signature move Pay Day is even named Neko Ni Koban (coins to cats) in Japan, a popular idiom associated with maneki-neko that is best summed up as being equivalent to "pearls before swine", giving your money to those who don't appreciate it. Pay Day served an important role in Generation I as one of the few ways to make money after having defeated all the trainers, and was learned by quite a few Pokemon (a rather random selection, at that) due to being a TM, but has actually become one of the rarer moves as time has passed possibly since its use isn't as important now. As of now, Meowth is the only Pokemon who can learn it naturally, and only if you hold off Persian's evolution. Purloinn can also pick it up through breeding, but otherwise the only other legal user from Gen III and beyond is an Event Skitty distributed through Pokemon Box.
Meowth despite being a Normal-type Pokemon learns quite a bit of Dark-type moves, and unlike the maneki-neko which are seen as good luck, Meowth is a rather dirty Pokemon who wanders the street at night looking for loose change. Given its association with Team Rocket, I'm sort of surprised they didn't give it the Dark-type in Generation II, but perhaps unlike the Steel-type the Dark-type was deemed natural enough that a Pokemon suddenly being classified as it would "break canon". In Japan, Meowth's species is actually called "Bakeneko" rather than "Scratch Cat", and there's a lot of history behind that. In Japan, cats that lived long lives were said to gain spiritual powers, and a cat with a long tail was particularly seen as bad luck---as the story goes, owners would actually cut cat tails out of superstition, perhaps explaining why cats like the Japanese bobtail came to exist through natural selection. One legend associated with Bakeneko is that due to traditional oil lamps being made of fish fat, cats would often be seen on their hind legs reaching up to lick the lantern, which was seen as eerie and unnatural. Perhaps this is what Meowth is depicted in a bipedal pose. Furthermore, Bakeneko are said as they live longer to pick up many supernatural powers, such as the ability to shape shift into humans, and even learn to talk! You can see where I'm going with this...
Yes, Meowth's biggest claim to fame is due to the show. Usually I tend to leave the anime discussion for the end, because while it shaped my view of many elements of the franchise throughout the years, I know a lot of people don't care for it and probably gloss over that section, so I put it as somewhat of a footnote. But there's no denying Meowth's role in the show is arguably his most important characteristic, and even more than Pikachu I think Meowth is entirely in-debt to the anime. Meowth has never been that popular in the games, and even nowadays is still somewhat of an uncommon Pokemon without too much going for it. I'm surprised they never gave it a cute Baby form, personally. I actually feel that Meowth's popularity is entirely dependent on the show at this point, and could probably be said to be the show's true mascot more so than Pikachu.
Anyway, Meowth in the show is unique because of his ability to talk. I used to think this decision was made by the anime staff, but now I wonder if this was always planned for Meowth and perhaps he was a late addition created when the anime was in the planning stage? Meowth's original Japanese name, Nyarth, appears to be the same pun as his English name---meow + mouth---but using the Japanese onomatopoeia for the sound a cat makes. Why the focus on Meowth's mouth in particular? Furthermore, Meowth's original species, Bakeneko, has many traits that bring to mind the anime's Meowth, particularly its tendency to stand on hind legs (in the show, Meowth specifically said he learned this trait to be more human even though it's actually shared by all Meowth in the games), and especially the belief they were capable of speaking in human tongue and disguising themselves as humans. It's an interesting theory certainly, but it may be all simply coincidence, and the anime staff simply thought all these elements made Meowth a good Pokemon to use for their "talking Pokemon role".
In case you didn't know this, Meowth learned to speak in order to impress a female Meowth who considered him garbage by listening in on a language etiquette class (which in the dub, apparently taught him how to speak like a Brooklynite?), as well as walk on two legs, but this backfired spectacularly as his love interest merely saw him as a freak. The show treats Meowth's ability to talk rather oddly---it seems like a scientific breakthrough, and Team Rocket could easily get rich by exploiting it, but many characters never seem to comment on this fact except Ash's buddies making note of it when they first meet Meowth at the beginning of each season. Since Meowth is so human-like, maybe most folks just don't even realize he's a Meowth? Honestly, I sometimes myself forget Meowth is actually a Pokemon. Also because Meowth learned how to speak and walk, it's been said he doesn't have enough brain power left over to master Pay Day.
In Japan, Meowth (or Nyarth/Nyasu, the official romanization is the former while the latter is how it's pronounced) has always been voiced by Inuko Inuyama, who gives Meowth a speech impediment as he always ends his sentences with "nya", perhaps suggesting he hasn't fully mastered human language. The dub tried to incorporate this quirk as well by having Meowth say "Meow!" after his sentences, but it came off as very awkward since English, unlike Japanese, doesn't naturally use sentence endings like that. In the dub, Meowth has gone through three voice-actors---Nathan Price for the first 31 episodes, who seemed to be impersonating Heathcliffe, the late Maddie Blaustein till the voice-actor switch, who is the most well-known voice and gave Meowth a slightly softer, more endearing tone, and currently Carter Cathcart. I don't watch the dub anymore, and I've learned to love Inuyama's take on the character, but it's pretty disheartening when you realize we'll never hear the classic Meowth voice ever again.
I believe the show's writers have specifically said Meowth was inspired by the character of Muttley from Wacky Races (Dick Dastardly's sidekick), which was broadcast in Japan as "Chitty Chitty Machine Fierce Race". Like Muttley, Meowth serves as the henchman of human villains and despite being an "animal", is usually shown to be more competent and intelligent than his human owners, although Meowth's much more sympathetic than Muttley was who was pure comedy relief. Meowth is implied to be the brains behind the operation, and most of the mechanical contraptions Team Rocket uses throughout the series are thought to have been his invention. How do Team Rocket afford all those crazy machines though?
Alongside Pikachu, Meowth has appeared in basically every episode of the show except for the first episode until Best Wishes (the Black and White season) changed things up. Team Rocket became "serious" at the beginning of that season, and began to appear less often, such as usually being absent during Ash's Gym Battles, and this trait continued even after they returned to their more comedic selves into the XY Season. Thus, Meowth can longer claim to have appeared in every episode since episode 2. One very interesting arc of Best Wishes (the only time you'll hear me say that phrase), was an arc where Meowth joined up with Ash and co. for a few episodes. While it was ultimately a long-winded plan to steal the gang's Pokemon, Meowth felt like a very natural member of the group, and the episodes gave more focus on his unique ability to talk than usual as he served as a "Pokemon Interpreter". There was even a tease with Iris trying to catch him at one point! Honestly---I never really though about it till this arc, but Meowth on the main cast was actually very interesting and brought a neat dynamic, and I gotta say if Team Rocket is ever dropped from the show, I'd love to see the writers have Meowth join up with Ash. Part of me wonders if this arc was perhaps the writers testing how audiences would react to Meowth serving that role...
Have you ever heard about "Meowth's Party"? If you've played Smash Brothers Melee, you've likely seen the Meowth Trophy that shows him playing the guitar. During 2000's Space World (an old Nintendo show that was like their own E3), there were various tech demos shown for the upcoming Gamecube, one of them being Meowth's Party, which used the Pokemon Stadium models and was used to show how multiple Pokemon models could be processed by the Gamecube at the same time. The demo wasn't interactive, as far as I know, but the camera could be controlled and rotated to show that it wasn't simply pre-rendered footage, but was actually being processed by the Gamecube. Meowth's Party actually didn't originate there---it originally served as one of the ending themes to the Japanese anime in 1999, and used the Pokemon Stadium models, except they looked simpler and a bit uglier than the Gamecube Tech demo did.
Meowth's Party seemingly disappeared after Space World, and most people believe it wasn't intended to be a full game but was always just a tech demo---like Mario 128 and the "Realistic Zelda" demos. However, Meowth's Party DID indeed come to the Gamecube eventually as part of Pokemon Channel in 2003. Pokemon Channel was a rather gimmicky Pokemon game for the Gamecube, where you basically played with Pikachu and watched television. One of the big features of the game was an unlockable anime short called "Pichu Bros. in Party Panic", which the player could watch through the game. The last chapter of this short featured a brand new version of Meowth's Party (the original versions used Kanto Pokemon, but this version featured various Johto Pokemon as well such as Wobbuffet) for the player to watch. The interesting thing about this is the footage that plays seems to suggest it was from a later build of the tech demo, as Meowth's movement during the segment are very awkward, and looks like someone is controlling him rather than it being pre-programmed. Furthermore, there are multiple version of Meowth's Party that plays every time the player watches it, with Meowth interacting with different Pokemon. This seems to indicate that development of Meowth's Party didn't end with the 2000 Space World demo, but was developed further perhaps as an actual game, but ultimately ended up as a small video within Pokemon Channel. It's a shame, because a musical Pokemon game would be rather neat.
One more rumor about Meowth---his "planned appearance" in Smash Bros. As the story goes, because Meowth was popular, he was intended to be included in Smash 64, but his model and animations proved too difficult thus at the last minute Jigglypuff was chosen instead. I looked into this claim, such as Smash Boards, and there seems to be no proof of Meowth ever being planned whatsoever. Meowth is a popular character who I've seen requests for, but Sakurai presumably has never seriously considered the character to be worthy than anything more than a PokeBall Pokemon, and considering Meowth's popularity has been on a downward trend for years, it seems unlikely we'll ever see the character included.
I think that write-up turned out longer than Pikachu's!
053 - Persian
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If Meowth is the rival of Pikachu, than Persian perhaps is the rival of Raichu. Yup, they're rivals alright, both competing to see which one is the most ignored evolution of a popular mascot Pokemon! I'd say Persian arguably loses out here, because I know plenty of people who love Raichu, but I struggle to recall anyone I've ever met who actually liked Persian. And despite having decent speed, Persian doesn't seem to be particularly blessed when it comes to battling either.
Persian, despite its name, resembles the Siamese breed more so and in fact in Japan its species isn't "Classy Cat", but "Shamuneko", which translates into Siamese Cat. Persian is quite large for a house-cat, however, and resembles instead a wild cat such as a mountain lion or a puma. And Persian has the attitude to match as despite its beauty, it's said to be quite vicious and mean-spirited, its status going straight to its head. Meowth is somewhat of a scoundrel, but he has somewhat of a rogue charm to him whereas Persian just comes across as a jerk that's not very likable. I imagine in the Pokemon World, Persian is owned by the same extravagantly rich folks who in our world spend money to import exotic pets like lions and tigers. Persian's status is also symbolized by the jewel embedded in its forehead, which I suppose is possibly a "Cat's Eye gemstone". I'm not sure exactly why Persian has this jewel, except to show it's richer than Meowth.
Like Meowth, Persian has the anime to thank for bolstering its popularity by making it the signature Pokemon of Team Rocket's leader Giovanni. This was undoubtedly a shout-out to the character of Blofeld in the James Bond movies, an evil organization leader who in his first appearances, like Giovanni, was shrouded in mystery and was simply shown stroking his pet persian cat. Although, when I was a kid, and I'm sure this goes for a lot of us, the first thing I thought of was Dr. Claw and Madcat from Inspector Gadget. Maybe the writers first saw it in Inspector Gadget too? Either way, Persian quickly became the signature Pokemon of Giovanni, and appeared alongside him in Pokemon Yellow and Pokemon Stadium, as well as a few TCG-cards. Speaking of the TCG, in Japan there's a short manga series known as "How I Became a Pokemon Card" illustrated by one of the TCG artists that provides short stories explaining the background behind various cards. One in particular focuses on the Persian card from the Jungle Set, and implies that it is Giovanni's Persian, and that as a child, Giovanni saved it from Pokemon Poachers. Of course, how canon this is is debateable, and there's no evidence to suggest this is Persian's backstory in the show. Personally, I always figured Giovanni's mother, the former leader of Team Rocket Madame Boss, gave it to him as an extravagant gift.
Despite being Giovanni's signature Pokemon, Persian's appearances never really amounted to much until Best Wishes, where it finally battled and was shown to be able to holds its own against Pikachu with its Shadow Claw and Power Gem attack. Outside of Giovanni's Persian, other Persian don't appear much, except to serve as a foil to Meowth---the most famous one being the gang-leader who Meowth fought against when he returned home in Go West, Young Meowth! In the Hoenn League, there was another Meowth introduced---Meowth in Boots, belonging to the tournament's victor Tyson---who also had a hatred of Persian, due to losing against one when he challenged its position as pack leader. It just so happened a Persian appeared in the Hoenn League, and Meowth in Boots went nuts against it, not even stopping its attack even when the Persian had fainted. Pretty brutal, and one of the few times you felt sorry for a Persian.