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The Math Help Thread

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jnWake

Member
I need a derivitive power series, probably should've said that. So can't just do n(4n-7)*x^n-1


Trying to work backward, I save scummed the answer out of the multiple choices, and itr has a 6n+13 on the bottom. I figured that I have to differentiate, distribute the n, and then change all the ns in the equation to n+1s. Not sure why I have to do that

When you differentiate you get

-n*(4n-7)*x^(n-1)/(6n+7)

Now, a power series has a general term with the form a_n*x^n, not a_n*x^(n-1), so you need to do k = n - 1 and you get:

-(k + 1)*(4k - 3)*x^k/(6k+13)
 

Link1110

Member
When you differentiate you get

-n*(4n-7)*x^(n-1)/(6n+7)

Now, a power series has a general term with the form a_n*x^n, not a_n*x^(n-1), so you need to do k = n - 1 and you get:

-(k + 1)*(4k - 3)*x^k/(6k+13)

Yes, you can, but keeping (6n+7) on the denominator (and the minus sign)

(so sum of -n(4n-7)/(6n+7) * x^(n-1) )

Or I don't understand the issue?

Thanks guys! I get it now!
Just one more week and a final for the sequences and series class, then I graduate from coursera and move onto the Calc 2 and 3 on Udemy! Bring it!
 

myco666

Member
God I feel so dumb right now. I have following problem (awful translation, sorry)

gif.latex


and you can't use completeness theorem (don't think it is even helpful in this situation but whatever). I feel like this should be really obvious but I just can't do it. Tried to get inconsistency from either getting negation of B or just A but I just get to dead ends from those.

Anyone here have a clue?
 

M.D

Member
baFbDHQ.jpg


Not Math but close enough!

I need help with this, I'm having so much trouble seeing the angels with these type of questions

I'm not sure, is 57 supposed to be between between the red F line and the X axis or the the entire angle from the 37 of the mg to the F red line?
 

kgtrep

Member
baFbDHQ.jpg


Not Math but close enough!

I need help with this, I'm having so much trouble seeing the angels with these type of questions

I'm not sure, is 57 supposed to be between between the red F line and the X axis or the the entire angle from the 37 of the mg to the F red line?


The 57 degrees is the angle (cf. Hot Fuzz) between the vector F and the local x-axis.

On the left picture, we see that F acts at an angle of 20 degrees; that, plus the angle of 37 degrees from inclination, gave us 57 degrees.
 

M.D

Member
The 57 degrees is the angle (cf. Hot Fuzz) between the vector F and the local x-axis.

On the left picture, we see that F acts at an angle of 20 degrees; that, plus the angle of 37 degrees from inclination, gave us 57 degrees.

Thanks for the quick answer!

If I understand correctly that means that now the 20 degrees are between the vector F and the Y axis in the second picture ( are those vertical and adjacent angle pairs or is that achieved just by virtue of moving vector F?), but wouldn't mean that for there to be 90 degrees in the fourth quadrant there would need to be 70 degrees between the F vector and the X axis and not 57? That what confuses the hell out of me, I'm looking at it incorrectly or at mixing up something
 

benzy

Member
So I'm trying to prove this:
jCgPXwD.jpg


I figure I will have to prove by four cases, and for each prove the left hand side and then the right hand side. But I'm not even sure where to start to prove the left hand side. For case 1 the absolute value of x-y is the same as x-y, and since y is greater than or equal to zero, then absolute value of y is equal to y, but then how do we prove that as the difference between absolute valye of x-y and 3 times the absolute value of y?

 

benzy

Member
If you have proved the triangle inequality already, it can be used to quickly do your current proof:

http://www.mathwords.com/t/triangle_inequality_with_absolute_value.htm

If you haven't, you may want to just prove that first so you can use it.

Thanks. So I've proven the triangle inequality and that made it easier to solve the problem without using proof by case.


But let's say I was asked to solve it by case on an exam. If I were to solve this problem by cases, could I first add +3|y| to both sides of the equation and still preserve the inequality to prove it or would this be considered a completely different proof?

I haven't finished all of the cases yet, but does this look valid?

 

Therion

Member
Thanks. So I've proven the triangle inequality and that made it easier to solve the problem without using proof by case.



But let's say I was asked to solve it by case on an exam. If I were to solve this problem by cases, could I first add +3|y| to both sides of the equation and still preserve the inequality to prove it or would this be considered a completely different proof?

I haven't finished all of the cases yet, but does this look valid?

There are some steps in your proofs that could use some explanation. In your triangle inequality proof, how do you conclude that |x|-2|y|<=|x+2y|? I think not psycho intended that you write |x-y|=|x+2y-3y| and use the triangle inequality on that.

Similarly, on your proofs by cases, you conclude that |x|+|y|<=|x+2y|+3|y|. Why? I think if you are considering cases, you would benefit from considering _all_ the cases, i.e. consider whether x+2y is positive or negative as well. (Sometimes there will be no choice, as in the first case you worked out.) Then you can make more obvious arguments to demonstrate the inequalities.
 

Kelsdesu

Member
Is there a good resource that can explain(not teach) solving systems with matrices?

My third eye wont open and I just don't get it 100%.

By "solve" I mean get to eshelon form.
 

ZBR

Member
I've had two more tests since the last time I posted and have kept up the good grades! I got a 97 on the second one and 93 on the most recent! I thought I was going to bomb the most recent one but to my surprise, I didn't! We're now on Law of Sines and Cosines and started some calculator stuff today and this seems easier than the previous stuff. I should probably start looking back at some stuff to prepare for the cumulative final.
 

myco666

Member
Is there a good resource that can explain(not teach) solving systems with matrices?

My third eye wont open and I just don't get it 100%.

By "solve" I mean get to eshelon form.

This maybe? Not really sure what difference there is between explaining and teaching.

Also what is the exact part you don't get? Maybe someone here could try to explain it.
 

kgtrep

Member
I've had two more tests since the last time I posted and have kept up the good grades! I got a 97 on the second one and 93 on the most recent! I thought I was going to bomb the most recent one but to my surprise, I didn't! We're now on Law of Sines and Cosines and started some calculator stuff today and this seems easier than the previous stuff. I should probably start looking back at some stuff to prepare for the cumulative final.


Congratulations!
 

Kelsdesu

Member
This maybe? Not really sure what difference there is between explaining and teaching.

Also what is the exact part you don't get? Maybe someone here could try to explain it.


Thanks for the link. I just want someone to explain it to me like a child. Sometimes instructors go through teaching the steps and assume you(the viewer)know a thing when you don't.

I dont understand any part of it. I would simply use the substitution or elimination methods everytime if I could.
 

Timedog

good credit (by proxy)
so to find the number of hands in poker with 2 pairs, the equation is:

nCr(13,2) * nCr(4,2) * nCr(4,2) * nCr(44,1)

In the first term you choose 2 out of 13 different card denominations in the same step. What I don't understand is, why can't I choose one denomination for a pair, then choose another in 2 separate steps using this equation:

nCr(13,1) * nCr(4,2) * nCr(12,1) * nCr(4,2) * nCr(44,1)

The 2nd equation is twice that of the first, but I'm not seeing where the 2x comes from...?
 
so to find the number of hands in poker with 2 pairs, the equation is:

nCr(13,2) * nCr(4,2) * nCr(4,2) * nCr(44,1)

In the first term you choose 2 out of 13 different card denominations in the same step. What I don't understand is, why can't I choose one denomination for a pair, then choose another in 2 separate steps using this equation:

nCr(13,1) * nCr(4,2) * nCr(12,1) * nCr(4,2) * nCr(44,1)

The 2nd equation is twice that of the first, but I'm not seeing where the 2x comes from...?

The second equation is counting 2 of hearts, 2 of clubs, 8 of diamonds, 8 of hearts, 3 of spades as different from 8 of diamonds, 8 of hearts, 2 of hearts, 2 of clubs, 3 of spades. Hence the factor of 2.

The nCr(13,2) automatically removes order. However nCr(13,1) * nCr(12,1) = 2 * nCr(13,2) doesn't.
 

Vibed

Member
Need to double check on statistics problem. Its very simple but I feel like I missed an obvious thing.

If part 1 has an .85 reliability and part 2 .93, what is the probability the system will fail (both parts need to operate to be successful).

Is it as simple as multiplying them together and taking the inverse? Or is this a nonmutually exclusive event?
 

Stumpokapow

listen to the mad man
Need to double check on statistics problem. Its very simple but I feel like I missed an obvious thing.

If part 1 has an .85 reliability and part 2 .93, what is the probability the system will fail (both parts need to operate to be successful).

Is it as simple as multiplying them together and taking the inverse? Or is this a nonmutually exclusive event?

Assuming the failure or operation of both parts are independent, then the probability that neither fails is 0.85 * 0.93 = 0.7905, so the probability that the system will fail is 1 - 0.7905 = 0.2095. The events are clearly not mutually exclusive (if two events are mutually exclusive then their probability must sum to be less than or equal to 1 -- Kolmogorov axioms 2 and 3)
 
Can you write the exact wording of the question? Evaluate doesn't really work as a question for this.

Whoops, it says: Expand and simplify the following powers. Give all of the answers in terms of positive exponents.

Sorry I kinda fucked it up. But thank you guys for the help.
 

Okamid3n

Member
Alright, so the question is about expanding (which is, to get rid of the parentheses). The goal is simply to get used to the rules relating to exponents in algebra.

The first rule you want to use is (a/b)^m = a^m/b^m. Applying the rule, you get this :

&#8212;(x^(4a))^(3b^2)
______________

(y^(2a))^(3b^2)


Next rule you'll want to use is (a^m)^n = a^(mn). Basically, multiply the exponents together.

After that, the problem is over because the bases (x and y) are different, so there's no simplication possible.
 
Alright, so the question is about expanding (which is, to get rid of the parentheses). The goal is simply to get used to the rules relating to exponents in algebra.

The first rule you want to use is (a/b)^m = a^m/b^m. Applying the rule, you get this :

—(x^(4a))^(3b^2)
______________

(y^(2a))^(3b^2)


Next rule you'll want to use is (a^m)^n = a^(mn). Basically, multiply the exponents together.

After that, the problem is over because the bases (x and y) are different, so there's no simplication possible.

Ah how did I not see this. Thank you!
 
Bit of a long shot, but has anyone here done any study on Bloch Groups and Dilogarithms? Would anybody have any recommendations for (essential) reading material on them?
 

M.D

Member
os0QoJi.jpg


&#8736; A = alpha
BC = a

I already solved this, but I did so by saying BD = radius but I was never told B is the center

Is there a reason I can determine B is the center based on the information and image or more general knowledge?
 

Stumpokapow

listen to the mad man
Unless you are given BD = BX (where X is the point on the radius of the circle that intersects line BC), I do not believe you have any mathematical basis to assume that point B is the center of the segment you observe -- but by visual inspection it appears that it is, as you surmised.
 

M.D

Member
Unless you are given BD = BX (where X is the point on the radius of the circle that intersects line BC), I do not believe you have any mathematical basis to assume that point B is the center of the segment you observe -- but by visual inspection it appears that it is, as you surmised.

That's the only information I was given and was asked to express AD using alpha and a, and find the ratio of AD/DB if alpha = 30

We're not supposed to determine data points such as BD=r by looking at the visuals, so maybe they just forget to add that data point?

Thanks for the answer!
 

Therion

Member
Unless you are given BD = BX (where X is the point on the radius of the circle that intersects line BC), I do not believe you have any mathematical basis to assume that point B is the center of the segment you observe -- but by visual inspection it appears that it is, as you surmised.

BD=BX doesn't seem like it would imply that B is the center. If you were to form similar triangles by shifting B back and forth along the line bisecting angle B, you would still have BD=BX in any of the resulting diagrams.

I think the intention was to have it appear that the curve meets each line at a 90 degree angle, from which you could infer that B is the center.
 

Stumpokapow

listen to the mad man
BD=BX doesn't seem like it would imply that B is the center. If you were to form similar triangles by shifting B back and forth along the line bisecting angle B, you would still have BD=BX in any of the resulting diagrams.

I think the intention was to have it appear that the curve meets each line at a 90 degree angle, from which you could infer that B is the center.

Here is an ellipsoid [I guess more properly an ellipse, since it is in two dimensions] that has the property that the arc meets each line forming a 90 degree angle, but where BD and BX are not equal; by visual inspection, is the arc a quarter-circle, or a stretched ellipsoid?

oTXYAgE.png


(But it is equally trivial that my condition was insufficient; observe that the red and blue arcs clearly do not form a quarter-circle but BD = BX

p6U407G.png
 

Therion

Member
Here is an ellipsoid [I guess more properly an ellipse, since it is in two dimensions] that has the property that the arc meets each line forming a 90 degree angle, but where BD and BX are not equal; by visual inspection, is the arc a quarter-circle, or a stretched ellipsoid?

oTXYAgE.png


(But it is equally trivial that my condition was insufficient; observe that the red and blue arcs clearly do not form a quarter-circle but BD = BX

p6U407G.png
Sure. I was assuming the curve was part of a circle as in the original post, and that the only question was where the center lies. If you assume nothing at all about the curve then the the problem is clearly nonsensical.
 

VegiHam

Member
Does anyone understand partial differential equations at all? I have no fucking clue how to go about solving them and all these greek letters are just confusing me.

Like, I gotta solve du/dx + 3u = xy^2 + y and I just don't even know where to begin.
 

Koren

Member
Does anyone understand partial differential equations at all? I have no fucking clue how to go about solving them and all these greek letters are just confusing me.

Like, I gotta solve du/dx + 3u = xy^2 + y and I just don't even know where to begin.
When doing a partial differentiation with respect to x, just deal with y as if it was a constant.

For example,

d/dx( 3.x^2 + 4.y + x.y^2 + sin(x.y) )

is simply

6.x + 0 + y^2 + y.cos(x.y)


If you know how to solve du/dx + 3u = x.4^2 + 4, it's the same. Just treat y as if it was a constant.
 

VegiHam

Member
When doing a partial differentiation with respect to x, just deal with y as if it was a constant.

For example,

d/dx( 3.x^2 + 4.y + x.y^2 + sin(x.y) )

is simply

6.x + 0 + y^2 + y.cos(x.y)


If you know how to solve du/dx + 3u = x.4^2 + 4, it's the same. Just treat y as if it was a constant.
That's the thing though, I don't. It's got du(x,y)/dx AND u(x,y) terms so I cant work out how to separate the variables; or if i want one of them substitutions with Greek letters or what.
 

Koren

Member
so, as usual, you begin without the right part:

du/dx + 3u = 0

means u(x, y) = A(y) exp(-3x)

A can have a dependancy in y, since y is a constant when differenciating with respect to x (just substitute if you need to check)


Then, you look for a specific solution to du/dx + 3u = xy^2 + y

You look for an affine solution in x, so B(y) x + C(y)

Let's substitute, you get B(y) + 3 B(y) x + 3 C(y) = xy^2 + y

By identification, 3 B(y) = y^2, so B(y) = (1/3).y^2

And B(y) + 3 C(y) = y, so C(y) = (1/3).(y - (1/3).y^2)


This the solutions are f(x, y) = A(y) exp(-3x) + (1/3).x.y^2 + (1/3).(y - (1/3).y^2)

(unless I've made a mistake, it's hard typing this kind of stuff)


A(y) can be ANY function of y: e.g. 2, 14.y, sin(y) or cos(y).exp(-y)
 
That's the thing though, I don't. It's got du(x,y)/dx AND u(x,y) terms so I cant work out how to separate the variables; or if i want one of them substitutions with Greek letters or what.

He means that since your equation has no y derivatives in it, you can treat y as a constant. Just try a polynomial in x for your solution and match terms with equal powers of x on both sides of the equation, it will work out, you will see (you may also add an exponential in x for the complete solution).

EDIT: Ah nevermind, it's all worked out above :)
 

myco666

Member
Those images are rather small but I guess the first one is (1/3)^(1/2), right? What do you get as a result and how you get it?
 

myco666

Member
Now those are easier to read. That second one is a pain to count in the head lol. I try to write detailed answers.

Done. Will see if I can get a good image of it. As for advices before giving you straight answers, change the roots into exponents for easier calculation. Just need to remember the rules on how to calculate them. This will work well with the second and third problem. First problem I kinda want to see what you have done since you have probably done it right and the problem is just with presentation.
 

VegiHam

Member
so, as usual, you begin without the right part:

du/dx + 3u = 0

means u(x, y) = A(y) exp(-3x)

A can have a dependancy in y, since y is a constant when differenciating with respect to x (just substitute if you need to check)


Then, you look for a specific solution to du/dx + 3u = xy^2 + y

You look for an affine solution in x, so B(y) x + C(y)

Let's substitute, you get B(y) + 3 B(y) x + 3 C(y) = xy^2 + y

By identification, 3 B(y) = y^2, so B(y) = (1/3).y^2

And B(y) + 3 C(y) = y, so C(y) = (1/3).(y - (1/3).y^2)


This the solutions are f(x, y) = A(y) exp(-3x) + (1/3).x.y^2 + (1/3).(y - (1/3).y^2)

(unless I've made a mistake, it's hard typing this kind of stuff)


A(y) can be ANY function of y: e.g. 2, 14.y, sin(y) or cos(y).exp(-y)

Dude, thank you! This totally makes sense now! Solve the homogeneous part first, duh!

Thanks so much! :D
 

Allonym

There should be more tampons in gaming
Now those are easier to read. That second one is a pain to count in the head lol. I try to write detailed answers.

Done. Will see if I can get a good image of it. As for advices before giving you straight answers, change the roots into exponents for easier calculation. Just need to remember the rules on how to calculate them. This will work well with the second and third problem. First problem I kinda want to see what you have done since you have probably done it right and the problem is just with presentation.

For the first problem I got &#8730;(1/3) with both the numerator and denominator being raised to the 3rd power and subsequently getting &#8730;1/27. Who knows if that's right though
 
For the first problem I got &#8730;(1/3) with both the numerator and denominator being raised to the 3rd power and subsequently getting &#8730;1/27. Who knows if that's right though

For the first one, it is teaching you to perform the power inside the bracket to both the numerator and denominator. So you get

1^(3/2) / 3^(3/2) = 1 / 3&#8730;3 and times both sides by &#8730;3 to get &#8730;3 / 9

The second teaches you to have the same number being raised so it is easier to convert everything to fractional powers and then add them

So it is converted to 2^(1) x 2^(4/3) x 2^(1/15) = 2^(36/15) = 2^(12/5)

The third is the same as the second just using 6 instead of 2.
 
Didn't know we had a math thread! I need serious help with this,



How does e^x=e^-x e^2x? (I know x=x)

The rule they use is highlighted in the picture but it doesn't make sense to apply it here. I guess my question is how did they know to apply that rule here
 

Stumpokapow

listen to the mad man
"How does e^x = e^2x e^-x"

a^b a^c = a^(b+c)

2x - x = x

"How did they know to apply it"
Because it allow them to factor out a term that could resolve the denominator of the fraction.
 

Bacon

Member
I have a question pertaining to math courses in general as a computer science major. My school requires a weirdly low amount of math courses to graduate in computer science. All that is required is elementary statistics, calc 1 and discrete mathematics. Would it be beneficial for me to take higher level calc classes, perhaps even proofs or linear algebra?

I spoke to my advisor and he just gave me some wishy washy "well it's not required but if you'd like to that's fine" type answer. I also really enjoy math and have loved my calc class and discrete math class and did really well in them so it's not something I dread doing or anything like that.

Any insight would be greatly appreciated!
 
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