I'm not going to say that they're "never" worthwhile, but I will say that they're almost never worthwhile.
I cannot think of a single game in which those filters actually add to the experience.
Alien: Isolation, and RE: 7/8 definitely have a different feel to the gameplay when those filters are activated, but I hesitate to claim they're better.
Other than that handful of games, I can't think of any which actually benefit from the filters.
I would definitely love to be proven wrong, though. Clearly, developers (who are far better at this type of thing than I am) enjoy the features. There must be some kind of benefit involved, or else they wouldn't bother devoting their time to such things.
My - very basic - understanding of such things is that they make the screen more difficult to see. I can definitely understand how this could add to tension, or create a memorable moment. but the current results don't seem to mirror that intent.
If anybody has any examples of games in which filters create a clear advantage, I'd love to see them.