500 years is a whole freaking lot of time.
500 years ago we had just started moving out of the middle ages. In Europe, the Black Death had absolutely decimated the populace. America and Gutenberg's movable type (~1492) was the hot new thing, the Renaissance was just about to come into being, Luther & Co spread their "heretical" interpretations of God's word and wrenched the Bible away from the Christian elite that had locked it behind a not-quite-dead language and general illiteracy (~1517). A first great wave of colonianism and expansionism started, trading and spreading death, sickness and destruction - but also knowledge, plants and animals. Gallileo challenged the geocentric worldview (1600) and thus started whittling away at some seriously fundamental beliefs of man. A scant three generations later (1687) Newton was hit by the proverbial apple. And from there, everything continued accelerating as time went on.
Basically, we went from illiterate beet farmers and tribal Indians to barista-worshipping youtube celebs and IT consultants in these scant 500 years. The progress between those extremes is beyond the scope of imagination of either of these groups.
I'd say we'll be sure to have quite a few crises affecting us in the coming five centuries. War, a resurgence of germs and pests that gained immunity from their treatments, beginning feedback loops from our unsustainable and senseless consumption of resources, the slow beginnings of the true upper limit of resource availability like e.g. oil, hard shortages in trace metals and other incredibly important materials, clean drinking water woes - the list is basically endless, and not everything can be magicked away with science and effort.
Depending on how harshly these issues will affect us we might come out at the end as a changed people, alien and terrifying to our current selves. Technology and science will have advanced so much that it will probably appear like magic to the people of today. Moral and societal mechanisms and rules may no longer apply or harshly clash with our values today, governments and social structures will have adapted to the new restraints and conditions, particularly if we manage to gain a foothold on other planets which will rattle humanity at its' core once again.
To put it short. I dare not predict how we turn out. Five centuries is just too much. I'd already have difficulties with a scant hundred years. A beet farmer cannot dream up something like the atomic bomb or the internet due to the fundamental changes in basically everything to make them happen. It's genuinely unfathomable. I just hope we turn out well.
Gonna read The Forever War now.