If I was to do the post-doc route, how would you go about it. How did you email your new PI. Is there sufficient guidance or are you left on your own to do everything by yourself? Also does it offer livable wage.
I found all my prospective labs by directly emailing the PI. The body of my email was only 2-3 short sentences basically saying "I recently completed my PhD, I am interested in joining your lab as a postdoc, and I have attached a cover letter and a CV. Would you be free for a phone call/meeting to discuss any potential openings in your lab?" Then, as mentioned, I'd attach my CV and a one page cover letter which I would write specifically for each lab I was interested in, tailoring it to that lab's general focus and tying in why my experience would be a valuable asset for the lab. You can also find actual listings for post-doc vacancies online, such as at higheredjobs.com, but I seriously just shot emails out regardless of whether or not I saw an opening listed anywhere.
I'm not sure if you're asking about guidance with the application process or guidance in terms of my research in the lab. I'll answer both. For the application process, no, there was no real guidance. I mostly Googled "How to apply for a post doc" to get some general advice and also read a few random posts on Reddit's r/askacademia to get some general advice. In terms of guidance in the lab, that'll entirely vary lab-to-lab, but the senior post-docs in my lab have given me great advice research-wise, which is immensely helpful.
In terms of salary, you won't get rich, but I would definitely call it a liveable wage. Based on MIT's living wage calculator, I make about double the livable wage for a single adult in my geographical region in the US. If you are raising a family of two or three on just a post-doc salary, it can be a bit tougher. In the US, you can roughly assume you'll make $40,000 as a post-doc as a minimum, and upwards of $47,000. If you're funded by the NIH, you can look for their standard salaries online; it scales per year of post-doc experience. Other institutions will often try to match to something similar to NIH funding.
There is one thing that I weak on right now, which is the programming portion. I can understand theories and the fundamentals really well. Would a post-doc allow me to become a better programmer and explore better approaches in doing things? In terms of being to sit in those courses. This is the main thing that prevents me to getting a great job.
What is your field? Regardless, I would say that, in my experience, it isn't common for a post-doc to sit-in on courses. I'm sure some do, but I've never personally heard of that happening. You'll likely be expected to spend a minimum of 40+ (in many cases, more like 50-60) hours a week directly focused on research. You'll need to discuss any extra things, such as sitting in on courses, with your PI. Most of my learning is coming from other lab members, but I seriously am learning a ton. I went from metabolic engineering/biofuel research to bacterial pneumonia research, which to me is a pretty big jump. But, basically, if you want to gain training in a specific field, make damn sure the post-doc you go into let's you get that experience somehow. Post-docs don't pay enough to make them worth not getting what you want.