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New Scientist: "String theory may limit space brain threat"

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Hitokage

Setec Astronomer
Babies are born with all the brain cells they will ever have.
This is not true. The brain is no longer viewed as a static organ in adulthood, and new neurons are even formed in certain parts of the brain during adulthood. Are there limitations? Definitely, but we're still working out the details.
 

Log4Girlz

Member
This sounds ridiculous. A spontaneous brain appearing could happen but that is meaningless. The brain also needs a support system, sensory organs, and lots of time to figure anything out. Look at a baby . . . that thing is useless for a long time. It only learns due to millions of years of evolution and teaching from adults.

The concept is not limited to brains alone. It can be an infinite number of objects or entities, including an identical replica of you WITH all your memories.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann_brain
 

Michan

Member
The concept is not limited to brains alone. It can be an infinite number of objects or entities, including an identical replica of you WITH all your memories.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann_brain

Why does Boltzmann get credit for this? This is just common sense if we consider that the universe is infinite.

Also, we can assume that this precise moment in time on Earth and everything that is encompassed in it (all of the land, species, objects, temperatures... even your exact family tree with the exact same names) will be replicated at some point again in the future in some other location... an infinite amount of times.

We can also assume that there will be a slightly altered version of the above with the only differences being that everybody looks like a banana and your name is Bob.
No joke. This actually happens all the time if the universe truly is infinite.
 

Darkmakaimura

Can You Imagine What SureAI Is Going To Do With Garfield?
If the Big Bang really did occur, then the universe wouldn't actually be infinite, right? It's still expanding or has expanded far enough until the "Big Crunch". I mean, there may be an infinite void or whatever it is that existed before the Big Bang that the Bang is still expanding into, but there would be no matter or energy in that void, right?

So I'm guessing the universe will keep expanding until the possible Crunch but it's not really infinite.

Of course, maybe our universe is like a bubble in a larger "hyperspace" with other bubbles (universes) if String Theory is correct. I recall Michio Kaku describing it in such a manner.

Sometimes I think science is putting the paranormal to shame in the strangeness department.
 

Hitokage

Setec Astronomer
If the Big Bang really did occur, then the universe wouldn't actually be infinite, right? It's still expanding or has expanded far enough until the "Big Crunch". I mean, there may be an infinite void or whatever it is that existed before the Big Bang that the Bang is still expanding into, but there would be no matter or energy in that void, right?
The idea is that as you approach infinite time the volume also becomes infinite, but yes, the volume of the universe at any bounded value of time is finite.
 

GungHo

Single-handedly caused Exxon-Mobil to sue FOX, start World War 3
This sounds like some crazy shit they put in the science segment on CBS this Morning so that Michio Kaku can confuse the shit out of Charlie Rose for an hour after they get tired of talking to that former FBI director fathead.
 

RSTEIN

Comics, serious business!
In Brain Space:

"LEGIONS of brains wrapped in flesh vessels inhabiting planets threaten to undermine our understanding of the universe. New mathematical modelling suggests string theory and its multiple universes may just provide our salvation – and that could win the controversial theory a few more backers.

Physicists have dreamed up some bizarre ideas over the years, but a decade or so ago they outdid themselves with the concept of humans – fully formed, conscious entities that form spontaneously on planets.

It may seem impossible for a human to blink into existence, but the laws of physics don't rule it out entirely. All it requires is a vast amount of time. Eventually, a random chunk of matter and energy will happen to come together in the form of a working body with a brain in it.

Most models of the future predict that the universe will expand exponentially forever. That will eventually spawn inconceivable numbers of humans, far outnumbering every floating brain who has ever, or will ever, live.

This means that, over the entire history of the universe, it is the humans' experience of the universe and not ours that is typical. That's a problem, because the starting point for our understanding of the universe and its behaviour is that floating brains are typical observers. If we are not, our theories begin to look iffy.

"It has to be more likely to be an ordinary observer than a human," says Brain #10252353 at the University of Brainy Brain in Brain Space.

A particular problem is that most humans will exist in the far future when the universe is no more than an inky void, with a past indistinguishable from the future. This would make our experience of time's arrow highly unusual.

However, if we can demonstrate that the universe has a finite lifespan, that would deny humans the infinite time they need to outnumber us. String theory might be able to help, Brain #74632 who has been studying the problem as part of her PhD research with Brain #1377000085, also at Brain Brain University.
 

Darkmakaimura

Can You Imagine What SureAI Is Going To Do With Garfield?
This sounds like some crazy shit they put in the science segment on CBS this Morning so that Michio Kaku can confuse the shit out of Charlie Rose for an hour after they get tired of talking to that former FBI director fathead.
I'd love to hear Michio Kaku talks about this.
 
I dont get what 'typical observer' means.

And I dont understand how space brains just form from nothing. And if the universe continually expands and everything moves away from one another, doesn't that decrease the chances of things coming together?

This makes ZERO and less sense to me.

NO, YOU make zero sense!
Krang.gif
 

Mudkips

Banned
I don't think that's how Boltzmann brains work. My understanding is that it pops into existence, some particles move around in such a way that it thinks it's experiencing things (and has memories of having experienced a lifetime of things and so on) and then pops back out again because it's in the middle of hard vacuum.

Boltzmann brains don't have to disappear.
The more complex a bbrain is the less likely it is to disappear. (Even the simplest bbrain would be extremely unlikely to disappear at any given moment.)

It's like taking a bucket of sand, tossing it in the air, and having a sand castle form when the sand lands. The sand castle isn't going to disappear for no reason.
 

Mgoblue201

Won't stop picking the right nation
The concept is not limited to brains alone. It can be an infinite number of objects or entities, including an identical replica of you WITH all your memories.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann_brain
The point of the exercise, however, is to posit the smallest fluctuation needed to create an intelligent being in the universe. A fluctuation that creates a brain with specific memories would obviously be much, much rarer than a general brain with no specific memories. Therefore, a "typical observer" would be the latter, not the former.
 

Monocle

Member
Philosophy isn't dead, it just got absorbed by Physics.
Philosophy wishes it could be science. I don't actually hate it though. I've just grown impatient with all of the nonsense generated by a priori reasoning. The problem lies in the fact that language doesn't have a 1:1 correspondence with reality. In other words, it's possible and indeed common to reason one's way to absurd conclusions. See most theological arguments and the intellectual impostures of postmodernism.
 

akira28

Member
This means that, over the entire history of the universe, it is the humans' experience of the universe and not ours that is typical.

I am still confused by this part. Why is this a problem?
 
I am still confused by this part. Why is this a problem?

It's not really a problem.
I think they're referring to the fact that we're creating the foundations of an objective understanding of reality through our subjective human-centric observations. If there are more non-human observers, wouldn't their observations be more in line with the "objective" reality?

That's not really a problem though, as our own observations are still true when it comes to ourselves.
 

gofreak

GAF's Bob Woodward
If the idea is that smashing matter and energy together in an infinite number of combinations over an infinite period of time would yield a lot of random combinations but also occasionally (in cosmic terms) a consciousness floating around...why could not also yield...a human being? A book? A car?

Or maybe it doesn't extend like so.
 

V_Arnold

Member
The point of the exercise, however, is to posit the smallest fluctuation needed to create an intelligent being in the universe. A fluctuation that creates a brain with specific memories would obviously be much, much rarer than a general brain with no specific memories. Therefore, a "typical observer" would be the latter, not the former.

This is not true at all. From a non-subjective standpoint, a brain with a "clear slate" is not really different or less complex than a brain full of memories and neuron links. If one is able to happen randomly, the other can as well. In fact, if we consider all the possible "states" a brian can have, the clear one is the least likely to happen, as opposed to "having some bias/memory/whatever" already in.
 
This is not true at all. From a non-subjective standpoint, a brain with a "clear slate" is not really different or less complex than a brain full of memories and neuron links. If one is able to happen randomly, the other can as well. In fact, if we consider all the possible "states" a brian can have, the clear one is the least likely to happen, as opposed to "having some bias/memory/whatever" already in.

Not really?

A clean slate brain would presumably not need the increased number of neurons (or whatever the analogue is) required to form the patterns required for memories/personality. Therefore as it is less complex, it's more likely to pop up compared to a more complex one - which over an infinite period would result in infinitely more non-complex brains.
 

User 406

Banned
Not really?

A clean slate brain would presumably not need the increased number of neurons (or whatever the analogue is) required to form the patterns required for memories/personality. Therefore as it is less complex, it's more likely to pop up compared to a more complex one - which over an infinite period would result in infinitely more non-complex brains.

There's no such thing as more likely under an infinite scenario. All probabilities are reduced to one.
 

Newline

Member
We can also assume that there will be a slightly altered version of the above with the only differences being that everybody looks like a banana and your name is Bob.
No joke. This actually happens all the time if the universe truly is infinite.

It's not that anything will happen. It's anything that can happen, will happen an infinite amount of times.

We don't know if banana looking humanoids could form a society much like our own or if they could even form as humanoids at all within the physical universe we reside in.
 

V_Arnold

Member
Not really?

A clean slate brain would presumably not need the increased number of neurons (or whatever the analogue is) required to form the patterns required for memories/personality. Therefore as it is less complex, it's more likely to pop up compared to a more complex one - which over an infinite period would result in infinitely more non-complex brains.

For every proposed brain of yours, it is not about the complexity, but this:
- There is only ONE clean slate for every specific brain configuration
- But there is almost an INFINITE number of other states where the configuration might be more or less more complex, yet not as much that it makes a difference in the long run.
(chance of complexity of 1.0 vs chance of n*(1.0+whatever) where n is an insanely big number :p)
 

fawaz

Banned
So what I am understanding is that matter can in fact be created from nothing?

Also, this theory also implies that I am immortal, as I would spontaneously form from nothing, right?
 

Cyan

Banned
This is not true at all. From a non-subjective standpoint, a brain with a "clear slate" is not really different or less complex than a brain full of memories and neuron links. If one is able to happen randomly, the other can as well. In fact, if we consider all the possible "states" a brian can have, the clear one is the least likely to happen, as opposed to "having some bias/memory/whatever" already in.

Take 100 billion neurons and connect them randomly together. For every configuration that gives you a functioning human-like brain, there are vastly more that give you the equivalent of neural white noise.

Take a functioning human brain and give it random memories. For every configuration of memories that gives you a lifetime of coherent human experience, there are vastly more that give you a set of memories equivalent to white noise. And the same for ongoing inputs.

Point is, functioning human-like brains with coherent experiences and memories are a tiny part of the full configuration-space of brains.
 

Log4Girlz

Member
Is this one of those everything-is-possible-so-we-just-thought-of-something-that-can't-be-disproven thingies?

Its a thought experiment. By our understanding of the universe this should be possible, but seems absurd, so is there anything we can learn about reality which would eliminate this possibility?
 

Mgoblue201

Won't stop picking the right nation
This is not true at all. From a non-subjective standpoint, a brain with a "clear slate" is not really different or less complex than a brain full of memories and neuron links. If one is able to happen randomly, the other can as well. In fact, if we consider all the possible "states" a brian can have, the clear one is the least likely to happen, as opposed to "having some bias/memory/whatever" already in.
Even if we follow that specific line of thought, I don't think that's correct. The smallest possible fluctuation would portend that the memories within the brain are random, incoherent, and scattered, because a confection of random memories is a lot easier to produce statistically than something that would make sense to the observer. So it's still unlikely that a typical observer would resemble a human from an experiential standpoint. Anyway, I had considered all this when I made the post, but this is something only a neuroscientist can probably answer; I don't think any of us really know what would happen if a working brain appeared at random in the inky void, especially if it would or would not have memories.
 

Mgoblue201

Won't stop picking the right nation
So what I am understanding is that matter can in fact be created from nothing?

Also, this theory also implies that I am immortal, as I would spontaneously form from nothing, right?
Quantum field theory, I believe, already states that particles can be created "out of nothing". The point of this exercise is to show that, if you wait long enough, eventually entropy will reverse itself. Normally, entropy increases, but there is a chance that it will spontaneously decrease. In our experience, hot water will eventually reach equilibrium with the outside temperature. But cold water will not spontaneously become warmer without some sort of energy being applied to it, even though there is a statistically nonzero chance that this can occur. Once the universe experiences its "heat death" in the far future, there will be almost no more energy to make that cold water hot again. Everything will exist at an equilibrium near absolute zero.

However, given that there is a statistically nonzero chance entropy will randomly decrease, eventually something will appear in this void, assuming that you have a very long time to wait. If you have an infinite amount of time, then yes, you'll likely to see every possible configuration of molecules appear. The point of the brain is to simply imagine some kind of intelligence randomly appearing within this high entropy state. After all, a brain appearing would be more likely than an individual, or an entire planet, or a galaxy, or the entire universe reverting to a low entropy state.
 
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