August 31, 1994|ROBERT SHOGAN | TIMES POLITICAL WRITER
A recent study released by the Democratic Study Group, a research group for House members, suggested that senators, most of them Republican, staged more filibusters in the last Congress, the 102nd, than in the entire 19th Century. And evidence indicates that talkathons are being mounted in this current Congress nearly as rapidly, forcing 55 motions to limit debate so far, compared to 62 in all of the last two-year session.
"In the past the filibuster was used sparingly," contends Oklahoma Rep. Mike Synar, chairman of the Study Group said. "Now not only is it used a lot, but just the threat of it being used has made it harder for us to deal with issues that are vital like the economic stimulus package and the crime bill."
From the inception, senators have always considered their chamber the more deliberative body of Congress, and one of their most cherished rights is the ability of each member to speak almost endlessly on legislation. It is that right that gave birth to the filibuster.
Under Senate rules, a filibuster can be halted only by passing a motion for cloture, requiring 60 votes. Since the Senate now has 44 Republicans and 56 Democrats, the majority party often finds it difficult to get to 60.
The result is that often the objection of one member raises the threat of a filibuster and is enough to delay action. It has become the most common of an array of procedural maneuvers Senate Republicans have been employing to tie up Democrats trying to enact President Clinton's ambitious domestic agenda, including health care, crime and economic stimulus legislation.
"If it's not a senator objecting to your bill, then it's a senator amending your bill so that other people will object," says Karl Gawell, a lobbyist for the Wilderness Society. "In the past few years we've seen a real explosion in both the willingness and desire of people on Capitol Hill to get in each other's faces."
All this contentiousness has led House Democrats to take the unusual step of agitating for change in the way the "other body," conducts its business.
"We don't have the luxury of not butting in," Synar said. The rise in filibustering "is having an impact on the House. It doesn't do the House any good to move legislation on a variety of fronts only to have it die in the Senate."