It was mentioned earlier that certain in-engine sequences where the game takes the camera controls away from you to show you a certain scene happen quicker on higher framerates and I can confirm that.
I made a comparison gif showing the camera movement between the game running on 30 vs running on 60 fps:
Notice how the camera pan is performed quicker at 60 fps, thus finishing the camera pan before it's supposed to. While the actual action it shows (the door opening) happens at the same speed at both framerates.
It seems that the marines in that particular situation start moving sooner when the game runs at higher framerate.
The game is v-synced in both cases. I locked the framerate of the game using Riva Tuner Statistics Server to 30 & 60 fps respectively.
That coupled with the increased damage during higher framerates it seems the game does tie certain things to framerate and still need to be adressed.