I'm confused about where you draw the line. Because that's how most major video game Kickstarters work. Either they already have investors and are looking to Kickstarter to fill a small gap in development (a relatively small percentage of projects) or they have investors who are interested, but hesitant, and use the Kickstarter to secure additional funding.
There is literally a laundry list of Kickstarters who have done this.
Yooka-Laylee - Only asked for £175k. That will not even remotely fund a multi-platform 3D platformer. Even the £$2m total raised won't cover it. So they obviously have some other investors you don't know about.
Shadowrun - Same thing. Already had outside investment.
The Book of Unwritten Tales 2 - Published by Nordic.
Kingdom Come: Deliverance - Kickstarter was <10% of the budget. Used to drum up investor support. Published by Tru Blu Entertainment.
Mighty No. 9 - Asked for significantly less than budget. Published by Deep Silver.
Among the Sleep - More than half of the budget came from outside sources. Published by Valve, Sony and MS.
Camelot Unchained - Mark Jacobs literally admitted that the majority of the game's budget would be from outside investors contingent on a successful Kickstarter. This is pretty much identical to Shenmue's situation.
Divinity: Original Sin - Kickstarter was only about 1/5th the total budget. They commented about how the Kickstarter made their publishing partners more agreeable to their design ideas - specifically making the game turn-based instead of real-time action.
Torment: Tides of Numenera - Had investors before the Kickstarter. Used the Kickstarter to garner more investors.
Wasteland 2 - Co-development deal with Obsidian contingent on successful Kickstarter. Published by Deep Silver.
Elite: Dangerous - Kickstarter less than 1/8th total budget.
Star Citizen - Holy shit at the number of cooperative companies and investors working on this.
Pillars of Eternity - This Kickstarter literally saved Obsidian from closure. And not because of the $4m pledged to the game, but because they were able to secure new investors to keep the company running.
Grim Dawn - Crate Entertainment has repeatedly said that the Kickstarter funds were not enough and they were constantly looking for more investors.
Like seriously, where do you draw the line between all of these?