Are you serious?
What would be the "huge" effect this would have for MS?
Sell more Windows 10 upgrade licenses at 29€ each, while taking away reasons to buy a 399€ console plus Live subscription.
(if all X1 games would have to run on Win 10, many people would not be able to upgrade to it, because a 300€ notebook won't run Horizon2)
Windows 10 upgrades cost MS effectively nothing to produce, other than a few cents in data hosting.
The Xbox One costs it's full MSRP and then some to produce, package, ship, and letting retailers have a small taste.
The Xbox One selling well isn't good enough for MS as the hardware is simply a trojan horse for the software and (more importantly) Xbox Live plus the attached marketing.
Finding a way to avoid the hardware trojan horse to instead go straight to selling software is MS' dream scenario. The only reason they won't embrace that is the realities of how the core game buying audience plays their games now: on a couch via console.
As for the OP - I think there is a better chance that the Xbox One is Microsoft's last system than MS launching a new platform early. Microsoft is a company lacking in flagships. Coming in second to a damn near bankrupt Sony after coming in second to the Wii isn't flagship. Microsoft can invest the billions they've poured into the console race into a lot of other projects if the best they can get from the video game sector is #2.
Honestly, my guess is that in ten years well have the following landscape:
1. Sony bought by Disney, Playstation becomes the only hardware product left from the company and PSN is used to push Disney's various media holdings directly to consumers. The catalog of IPs held by Sony Computer Entertainment, Sony Pictures, and Sony Music will be too appealing or Disney to let fall into someone else's hands and Hirai has already trimmed most of the fat away. A successful Playstation 4 ensures it sticks around as a platform, but more than anything serves to bring consumers into the walled garden for all Disney content that PSN would be converted into.
2. Microsoft eschews the dedicated home console for a full court press on a new fully connected home network hub. Basically a super-router. Streams video to every compatible device including TVs, tablets, phones, etc.. Plays games, video, music, etc. anywhere, any time with a synced device.
3. Nintendo is relegated to only handhelds, maybe a handheld with TV out though.
4. Every smartphone will be wireless HDMI capable and all three of Amazon, Google, and Apple will have their own competing HDMI dongle plus services marketplace where the vast majority of consumers access their music, video, and gaming needs. The dedicated home console will be about where the dedicated handheld is today, with Playstation as the 3DS and maybe a Nintendo or Samsung home console attempt as the Vita.