Maybe I'm an idiot. I'm not a government economics wiz. But isn't the problem not just raising or lower taxes but government spending period?
Here is an explanation about where some views are coming from, it is a matter of philosophy to them than principle alone.
Many left wingers that when it comes to who they represent in political parties their views will be quite less found in a party like a democrat but more so in forums such as neogaf in although not totally like higher taxes on everyone and higher goverment spending.
some of them pretend to gain allies that they want higher taxes on the rich alone.
Debt not matter people and some leftists might be in the above category and lying about their views or want low taxes for not rich and high spending similar to democrats and republicans only they want extremely high taxes on the rich and extremely high spending.
Pro austerity people want higher taxes and lower spending
Republicans want more lower taxes for everyone than others, especially for the rich and higher spending on the military and cuts in spending elsewhere. But not to the extend that the system will be unrecognisable. They also want to reverse precisely the plans that Democrats support because Republicans are partisan.
Democrats and people who empathise with them (I am not saying that gaf belongs in one of the above group alone, just that more are found in that group than it is found in American politics) want lower taxes for everyone who is not the rich (also not revenue neutral tax cuts but less costly than republican ones) and higher spending and higher taxes for the rich. Overall I would not call their viewpoints as clearly leftist. To me it s a clearly centrist party.
You will find also some Libertarians (who can also be found in republicans) who are absolutely extreme about raising taxes or debt ceiling to the points of absurdity and have other views about how their nation should be run that are unique in comparison to how other nations are run.
Some more centrist libertarians should also exist which are cut spending including military and lower taxes including on the rich but less in favor of the same extreme reforms as the above.