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Member
The Christian Democratic Union of Germany is a Christian democratic and liberal-conservative political party
in Germany. It is the major catch-all party of the centre-right in German politics. Along with its Bavarian sister
party the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU), the CDU forms the CDU/CSU grouping, also known as the
Union, in the Bundestag.
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The Free Democratic Party, abbreviated to FDP, is a liberal and classical liberal political party in Germany.
The FDP is led by Philipp Rösler and currently serves as the junior coalition partner to the Union
(Christian Democratic Union and Christian Social Union) in the German federal government. The FDP's
parliamentary group has 93 members and is currently the third largest in the Bundestag.
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The Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany. The party is
one of the two major contemporary political parties in Germany, along with the conservative CDU/CSU,
and is led by Sigmar Gabriel. Wikipedia
Alliance '90/The Greens is a green political party in Germany, formed from the merger of the German
Green Party (founded in West Germany in 1980) and Alliance 90 (founded during the Revolution of
1989–1990 in East Germany) in 1993. Its leaders are Claudia Roth and Cem Özdemir. In the 2009
federal elections, the party won 10.7% of the votes and 68 out of 622 seats in the Bundestag.
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The Left, also commonly referred to as the Left Party, is a political party in Germany, which describes itself
as democratic socialist. The party was founded in 2007 as the merger of the post-communist Party of
Democratic Socialism (PDS), successor to the Socialist Unity Party that ruled East Germany until 1989, and
the Electoral Alternative for Labour and Social Justice (WASG), a left-wing breakaway from the Social
Democratic Party (SPD).
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The Pirate Party of Germany, short - Pirates, is a political party in Germany founded in September 2006.
It states general agreement with the Swedish Piratpartiet as a party of the information society, it is part
of the international movement of pirate parties and a member of the Pirate Parties International.
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Alternative for Germany, abbreviated to AfD, is a newly founded (early 2013) conservative,
euro-currency-sceptic political party in Germany that is organising to compete in the German federal
election in September 2013. The party states that it is anti-euro, but not anti-EU, and not against European
unity. The party's central argument is that the euro is a failed currency that threatens European integration
by impoverishing countries with uncompetitive economies and burdening future generations.
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Current Ruling Coalition:
CDU/CSU & FDP
Parliamentary Opposition:
SPD, Grüne, Die Linke
The voter has two votes. The Federal Election System distinguishes between 'First' and 'Second' vote. However, these terms do neither refer to a hierarchical order (of importance) of the votes, nor do they refer to a logical (chronological) sequence in a valid election process. It is important that both votes have distinct functions.
First Vote
The first vote allows the elector to vote for a direct candidate of his constituency, who applies for a direct mandate in the Bundestag. Relative majority voting is used, which means that the candidate who receives most of the votes gets the mandate.
Second Vote
For the distribution of seats in the German Bundestag, the second vote is more important than the first vote. This second vote allows the elector to vote for a party whose candidates are put together on the regional electoral list. Based on the proportion of second votes, the 598 mandates are distributed to the parties who have achieved at least 5 percent of valid second votes (see election threshold).
Election Threshold
Mandates for the German Bundestag distributed by regional lists are only given to parties surmounting a 5% restrictive clause of the federally valid second votes.
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