Persona 5 doesn't have random battles.
If you are getting game overs enough for it to be an issue, change your strategy, get better personas, etc.
Getting game overs to bad luck in this game is very rare in my opinion. Is it bad luck that you didn't have a persona with mudo resistance? I don't think so.
If your time is truly limited in that you can't explore these options, then I don't understand why lowering the difficulty isn't a valid suggestion.
Game overs are rare enough that makes the mechanic seem pointless right?
Like if you were constantly in danger of dying, then yes that's what the game is. But when a freak random hit move that hits 4 times and crits, I'm not sure if I could do anything about that yet. Still 'only' 30 hrs in, so I don't have broke ass persona yet that covers all resistance.
Turning down difficulty is an option, but I still want to have fun when playing the game, and thats 99% of the time on normal.
Otherwise at some point I'll just watch some Let's play instead (if those weren't blocked)